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Interpreting ECT results
Factors influencing results
Flute type and size - A-flute, B-flute, C-flute, or combinations such as double-wall can affect edgewise strength.
Material quality - Fibre composition, paper grade
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Key applications of pull-off and pull-out testing
The versatility of these tests means they are used across a broad range of products and industries.
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Types of peel tests
90° peel test
This method is used for flexible-to-rigid bonds, where the flexible layer is peeled away at a right angle to the substrate. It is common for:
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Introduction to peel wheel testing
The peel wheel test is a specialised adhesion test method used to measure the strength of adhesive bonds in flexible materials such as plastics, films, and laminates.
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Introduction to compression testing
Compression testing is a core mechanical test method used to evaluate how materials and products behave when subjected to a compressive load.
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What is cantilever bend testing?
Definition and purpose
Cantilever bend testing assesses a component’s flexural response by applying a controlled force at a set distance from a fixed end.
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Equipment and safety precautions
To ensure accurate and safe testing, the following components are required:
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What is top-load testing?
Top-load testing, also known as column crush testing, is a method used to evaluate the ability of a packaging component to withstand a vertical compressive force without deforming or failing.
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Key testing methods
Different materials require different approaches to compressive hardness testing. The most common methods are:
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Applications in industry
The Delft tear test is used wherever rubber and thermoplastics need to maintain performance under stress. Common uses include:
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Testing procedures for electrical connectors
For electrical connectors, insertion and withdrawal testing is essential to ensure reliable contact, mechanical robustness, and compliance with relevant standards.<
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What is peel testing
A peel test measures the force needed to separate two bonded materials, usually by applying force at a set angle until the adhesive bond fails.
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How running torque is measured
Running torque is typically measured using precision torque sensors mounted within a controlled test stand. The component under test is rotated at a defined speed, and torque is measured continuously during motion.
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Packaging recommendations based on tension tests
Tension testing plays an essential role in packaging development, enabling material selection and refinement for durability and performance. Typical assessments include:
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Importance of peel testing in industry
Peel testing is vital in industries where bonding performance affects safety, function, and compliance. Typical applications include:
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How wing tear testing is performed
Specimen geometry and preparation
Testing accuracy begins with correct specimen preparation. For wing tear tests, samples are cut into shapes with two projecting wings joined by a narrow central region where the tear initiates.
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How is torque testing in packaging performed?
Torque testing can be carried out using manual or automated methods, depending on production volume, precision requirements
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Testing applications
Gymnastic equipment safety
Gymnastic rings, beams, and mats are tested to ensure they absorb impacts without losing integrity or rebound performance.
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Understanding tear strength and its importance
Tear strength measures the force a material can withstand before a tear propagates. It covers both the initial rupture and the resistance to further tearing once damage has started.
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Evaluating mechanical properties
Flexural tests yield valuable data on strength, stiffness, and toughness. By examining stress-strain curves from flexural tests, engineers can assess:
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Step-by-step procedure for reverse ratchet torque testing
Sample preparation
Condition the closures according to the specified standard to control environmental factors.
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Tension testing process
Tension testing is the most common method for evaluating tensile deformation and produces quantitative data on how materials behave under controlled pulling forces.
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Comparison with other peel tests
A 90° peel test is often used for flexible packaging films.
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Applications in advanced ceramics and composites
Four-point bend testing is the preferred approach for assessing the flexural strength of advanced ceramics<