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What is Young’s modulus?
Young’s modulus - also known as the modulus of elasticity or elastic modulus - defines how stiff a material is when a force is applied.
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Modulus of elasticity formula
Young’s modulus (E) is calculated from the linear portion of a stress-strain curve using this formula:
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FAQs about Young's modulus testing
What is the difference between Young’s modulus and tensile strength?
Young’s modulus measures stiffness - how much a material deforms under stress.
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Steel: ~200 GPa
Aluminium: ~70 GPa
PET (Polymer): ~2–3 GPa
Rubber: ~0.01–0.1 GPa
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Typical values of Young’s modulus:
Steel: ~200 GPa
Aluminium: ~70 GPa
PET (Polymer): ~2–3 GPa
Rubber: ~0.01–0.1 GPa
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What is Ultimate Tensile Strength in Materials Testing?
Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) refers to the maximum stress a material can endure while being stretched before it fails.
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Ultimate Tensile Strength Formula - How to Calculate UTS
The formula to calculate ultimate tensile strength is:
Where:
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Advantages of High Ultimate Tensile Strength
To calculate ultimate tensile strength in practice, a specimen is mounted in a tensile testing machine and stretched at a constant rate until it breaks. The machine measures both force and elongation, recording data throughout the test.
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When High Ultimate Tensile Strength is a Disadvantage
While high UTS materials are strong, they can also be brittle and less ductile.
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FAQs about Ultimate Tensile Strength
What is ultimate tensile strength?
Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) is the highest amount of tensile stress a material can resist before it breaks.
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Introduction to tensile strength
Tensile strength is a fundamental mechanical property that defines a material’s ability to resist forces that attempt to pull it apart. It represents the maximum tensile stress a material can withstand before failure.
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Understanding the stress-strain curve
The stress-strain curve is a primary tool for tensile strength analysis. It shows how a material responds to an increasing tensile load, providing detailed insights into its mechanical properties.
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Methods of testing tensile strength
The most common method is the uniaxial tensile test.
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How to Calculate UTS
This gives a value in N/mm² or MPa. During a tensile test, the material is pulled until it breaks. The highest recorded force, divided by the original cross-sectional area, gives the UTS. This value is the peak on a stress-strain curve.
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Simplify data analysis in force, materials and torque testing
Test calculations are the values derived from raw measurement data, such as peak force, torque angle, or modulus of elasticity. With advanced software, these are now calculated instantly and with high precision, replacing error-prone manual methods.
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Introduction to test calculations and automation
VectorPro is pre-configured to work with all Mecmesin test systems, from motorised force testers to advanced automated test solutions. Set up tests, capture real-time data, and generate instant results - all in one platform.
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Benefits of automated test systems
The integration of software into force and torque measurement offers tangible advantages:
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What is shear modulus?
Shear modulus defines a material’s resistance to shape change under shear forces - where parallel planes slide past one another.
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Shear modulus equation
Shear modulus (G) and Young’s modulus (E) are both measures of a material’s stiffness - but under different types of loading.
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FAQs about shear modulus
How is shear modulus tested?
Shear modulus is measured through torsion testing or shear testing fixtures applied to solid or bonded samples.